Biochemical effects of Calotropis procera on hepatotoxicity

Abstract

Introduction: Calotropis procera commonly known as 'Sodom apple' is a 6-meter high shrub that belongs to the Aclepiadaceae plant family and is commonly found in West Africa and  other  tropical places.  In Saudi Arabia the plant is commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of variety of diseases including fever, constipation, muscular spasm and  joint pain.

Aim: In the present study C. procera were investigated for the hepatoprotective activity.

Material and Methods: Carbon tetrachloride is used to produce hepatotoxicity.  Forty two male albino rats, weighting 150-200 gm divided into seven groups, each consisted of 6 rats. Carbon tetrachloride 2ml/kg was administered twice a week to all of the groups of animals except group I, which served as control and given the normal saline. Group II served as Carbon tetrachloirde control. Group III received Silymarin at 100 mg/kg/day dose, Group IV received aqueous leaves extracts C. procera 200mg/kg, Group V received chloroform leaves extracts C. procera 200mg/kg, Group VI received ethanol leaves extracts C. procera 200 mg/kg, Group VII received  latex of C. procera 200mg/kg. The effect of aqueous, chloroform, ethanol leaves extract and latex C. procera on biochemical parameters of liver was measured.

Results:  The results showed that the aqueous, chloroform, ethanol leaves extract and latex C. procera produced significant decrease in Acid phosphatase, Alkaline phosphatase, Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, Total protein, Albumin   and total bilirubin levels compared to the CCL₄ treated group II.  

Conclusion:  Calotropis procera appears to to have hepatoprotective activity and these may be due to enrich of the plant by  phytoconstituents that activate and in hence a pharmacological response of different parts of the body and this study need further studies to shows the complete properties of the plant.